विज्ञान पर आधारित जनरल नॉलेज
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Certainly! Science covers a wide range of topics, so here are a few important questions and their answers from different scientific fields.
1.What is the Theory of Evolution?
Ans.The Theory of Evolution, proposed by Charles Darwin, explains how species change over time through a process of natural selection. It suggests that species adapt to their environment, leading to the development of new species over millions of years.
2.What causes seasons on Earth?
Ans.Seasons on Earth are caused by the tilt of its axis. As Earth orbits the Sun, different parts of the planet receive varying amounts of sunlight, leading to the changes in weather and temperature we experience as seasons.
3.How does a vaccine work?
Ans.Vaccines stimulate the immune system by introducing a harmless form of a pathogen or a piece of it (antigen). This exposure allows the immune system to recognize the pathogen and develop immunity, so it can respond effectively if the real pathogen is encountered later.
4.What is the Big Bang Theory?
Ans.The Big Bang Theory is the prevailing cosmological model that describes the origin of the universe. It suggests that the universe began as a singularity, a tiny, hot, and dense point, approximately 13.8 billion years ago, and has been expanding ever since.
5.How do greenhouse gases contribute to climate change?
Answer: Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, trap heat from the Sun in the Earth's atmosphere. This trapped heat leads to global warming and contributes to climate change by increasing average temperatures, altering weather patterns, and causing various environmental impacts.
6.What is the structure of an atom?
Ans. Atoms consist of a nucleus at the center, containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons in orbiting shells. The nucleus carries a positive charge, electrons carry a negative charge, and the number of protons determines the element's identity.
7.How do antibiotics work?
Ans.Antibiotics target and kill bacteria or inhibit their growth. They do this by interfering with specific bacterial processes, such as cell wall formation or protein synthesis, without harming human cells, helping to treat bacterial infections.
These are just a few fundamental questions in science.
Coming the UPSC exams-
1.What is the greenhouse effect, and how does it relate to climate change?
Ans.The greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon where certain gases in the atmosphere of earth,such as carbon dioxide and methane, trap heat from the Sun, keeping the planet warm enough to support life. However, human activities, like burning fossil fuels, have increased the concentration of these gases, intensifying the greenhouse effect and contributing to global warming and climate change.
2.Explain the concept of genetic diversity and its importance in conservation biology.
Ans.Genetic diversity refers to the variety of genes within a population or species. In conservation biology, it is crucial because higher genetic diversity enhances a species' ability to adapt to changing environments and resist diseases. Low genetic diversity can lead to inbreeding and reduce a species' chances of survival.
3.Describe the functions of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in controlling inflation in the Indian economy.
Ans. The RBI controls inflation by regulating the money supply in the economy. It uses tools like the repo rate and reverse repo rate to influence interest rates and borrowing costs for banks. By adjusting these rates, the RBI can encourage or discourage lending and spending, thus impacting inflation rates.
4.What is the Doppler effect in physics, and how does it apply to astronomy?
Ans. The Doppler effect is a change in the frequency or wavelength of a wave (e.g., sound or light) observed when the source of the wave and the observer are in relative motion. In astronomy, it is used to determine the motion of celestial objects. For example, the redshift of light from distant galaxies indicates they are moving away, supporting the theory of the expanding universe.
5.Explain the concept of 'carbon footprint' and its significance in environmental conservation.
Ans. A carbon footprint measures the total amount of greenhouse gases, primarily carbon dioxide, that are emitted directly or indirectly by an individual, organization, or activity. It is crucial in environmental conservation because it helps identify and reduce sources of carbon emissions, which can mitigate climate change.
6.Discuss the principle of vaccination and its role in public health.
Ans. Vaccination involves introducing a weakened or harmless form of a pathogen into the body to stimulate an immune response. This helps the body recognize and remember the pathogen, providing immunity against future infections. Vaccination is a key tool in public health for preventing the spread of infectious diseases and achieving herd immunity.
These are just a few examples of science-related questions that may be important for UPSC exams.
